What is Shayari?

Introduction of Shayari:-

In a simple way Shayari is just like a two lines of Hindi and English Poetry. Basically it is Urdu Poetry consisting of at least one couplet called “Sher”. When several couplets grouped together forms a “Ghazal” which is interesting and popular Urdu Poetry formats.

In Shayari couplets of line called “Sher” and when two or more couplets combines that called “Shayri”. Urdu is completely Indian language, India is birth place of Urdu, although it is influenced by Arbi and Pharsi (Arabic & Paresian) but Urdu is born in India.

It has been cherished by poetry lovers worldwide, from the romantic ghazals of “Mirza Ghalib” to the philosophic Nazms of “Faiz Ahmed Faiz”. The writer of shayari is known as “Shayar”.

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Origin of Shayari:-

The word “Urdu” comes from “Turkish” language and the meaning of it “Camp of Solders”. Shayari has it roots in ancient Arabic, Paresian and Urdu Poetry. The word “Shayari” is derived from Arabic word “Shair” which means poetry.

Details of Shayari:-

Sher consist of two lines, each line of Sher called “Misra” means Sher consist of two Misra. First line of every Sher called “Misra-e-ula” and Second line of every sher called “Misra-e-saani”.
Ghazal is made up of multiple sher the first “Sher” of Ghazal called “Matla” and the last “Sher” of Ghazal called “Makta”.
With the help of example we see in detail.
Example:- Ghazal of Mirza Ghalib

( Matla )
(Misra)- हुस्न-ए-मह गरचे ब-हंगाम-ए-कमाल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Ula)
(Misra)- उस से मेरा मह-ए-ख़ुर्शीद-जमाल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Saani)
(Misra)-बोसा देते नहीं और दिल पे है हर लहज़ा निगाह – (Misra-e-Ula)
(Misra)-जी में कहते हैं कि मुफ़्त आए तो माल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Saani)
(Misra)-और बाज़ार से ले आए अगर टूट गया – (Misra-e-Ula)
(Misra)-साग़र-ए-जम से मिरा जाम-ए-सिफ़ाल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Saani)
(Misra)-बे-तलब दें तो मज़ा उस में सिवा मिलता है – (Misra-e-Ula)
(Misra)-वो गदा जिस को न हो ख़ू-ए-सवाल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Saani)
(Misra)-उन के देखे से जो आ जाती है मुँह पर रौनक़ – (Misra-e-Ula)
(Misra)-वो समझते हैं कि बीमार का हाल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Saani)
(Misra)-देखिए पाते हैं उश्शाक़ बुतों से क्या फ़ैज़ – (Misra-e-Ula)
(Misra)-इक बरहमन ने कहा है कि ये साल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Saani)
(Misra)-हम-सुख़न तेशा ने फ़रहाद को शीरीं से किया – (Misra-e-Ula)
(Misra)-जिस तरह का कि किसी में हो कमाल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Saani)
(Misra)-क़तरा दरिया में जो मिल जाए तो दरिया हो जाए – (Misra-e-Ula)
(Misra)-काम अच्छा है वो जिस का कि मआल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Saani)
(Misra)-ख़िज़्र-सुल्ताँ को रखे ख़ालिक़-ए-अकबर सरसब्ज़ – (Misra-e-Ula)
(Misra)-शाह के बाग़ में ये ताज़ा निहाल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Saani)
( Makta )
(Misra)-हम को मालूम है जन्नत की हक़ीक़त लेकिन – (Misra-e-Ula)
(Misra)-दिल के ख़ुश रखने को ‘ग़ालिब’ ये ख़याल अच्छा है – (Misra-e-Saani)

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Forms of Shayari:-

Some of the famous and popular forms of shayari is Ghazal, Nazm, Qawwali, Rubaiyat (Rbai), Qita, Geet, Dohe, Masnavi, Marsia, Qasida.
Ghazal is most popular poetic form consisting rhyming Couplets in a decided meter. Nazm is the structured forms of shayari, Qawwali is the Sufi Music and reflects the mysticism and devotion associated with Sufism.

Themes of Shayari:-

It covers wide range of themes, writer (Shayar) can write a shayari on every theme and on every aspects of life according to its power of thinking and vision.

It consists of Love, Romance, Sad, Brocken-Heart, Pain, Nature, Beauty, Loneliness, Motivation, Separation, Social-Issue, Politics, Spirituality, Patriotism and much more.

Famous Shayar and Their Works:-

1) Mirza Ghalib:-

(Mirza Beg Asadullah Khan 1797-1868)- Mirza Ghalib is one of the most prominent shayar in history of Urdu Poetry. Ghalib started composing poetry at the age of 11. His Ghazals are known for intense emotions and deep philosophy. Some of his famous work include “Diwan-e-Ghalib”, “Letters of Ghalib”, “Ghazals of Ghalib”.

2) Mir Taqi Mir:-

(Mir Muhammad Taqi 1723-1819)- A legendry poet of 18th century, he was one of the principal poets of Delhi School of Urdu Ghazal. His complete works, “Kulliaat” consist of six Diwans containing 13,585 couplets. His works like “Kulliaat-e-Mir”, “Nukat-e-Shireen”, “Deewan-e-Mir” are rich imagery and profound expression of love.

3) Faiz Ahmed Faiz:-

(1911-1984)- He was author of Urdu and Punjabi literature and renowned poet known for his revolutionary Nazms. Faiz was one of the most celebrated, popular and influential Urdu writers of his time. His works like “Dast-e-Saba”, “Zindan-Nama”, “Nushkha-ha-e-Wafa” are considered masterpiece of Urdu poetry.

4) Amrita Pritam:-

(1919-2005)- Amrita Pritam was an Indian novelist, essayist and poet who wrote in Hindi and Punjabi. Amrita Pritam’s shayaris are celebrated for their boldness, feminism and progressive outlook. During her career she penned a total of 28 novels, 18 anthologies, 16 miscellaneous volume of prose and 5 short stories.
Her works like “Kala Gulab”, “Rasidi Ticket”, and “Lok Peed” challenge societal norms, highlight gender issues and express the struggles of women.
There are so many Shayar who contribute their marvelous works in Urdu literatures.

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Impact of Shayari:-

It hold special place in the heart of its readers, it has a power to evoke deep emotions, create a sense of connections and transcending boundaries of language, culture and religion.
Many popular songs in Bollywood and other regional film industries have been inspired by shayari, infusing the magic of words into melodies that captivate millions of hearts.

Shayari has also been an inspiration for various other art forms, including music, dance, theater, and films. The impact of shayari is not limited to a particular medium but has spread its charm across various artistic expressions.

Promotion and Appreciation of Shayari:-

In recent times, due to social media shayari got a golden days and people loves to read. There has been a resurgence of interest in shayari, with numerous platforms and initiatives promoting its appreciation and preservation.

Literary events are organized to celebrate the beauty of shayari and provide a platform for aspiring poets to showcase their talent. Many online communities, blogs, and social media groups are dedicated to promoting shayari, where poets and poetry lovers come together to share their thoughts, feedback, and appreciation for this art form.

Conclusion:-

Shayari is a rich and vibrant form of poetry that has captivated audiences for centuries with its emotions, and profound insights. Its impact on literature, music, and other art forms is undeniable, and efforts are being made to promote its appreciation, preservation, and dissemination.

From the classical verses of Ghalib and Mir to the contemporary works of modern poets and shayar like Kumar Vishwas, Tehzib Hafi, Ali Zaryun, shayari continues to be a cherished form of artistic expression that resonates with people’s hearts and minds.

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